Język piriszki: Różnice pomiędzy wersjami
Wygląd
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== Dźwięki == | == Dźwięki == | ||
=== Samogłoski === | === Samogłoski === | ||
*i u (i u | *i u (i u) | ||
*e eː o oː (e o | *e eː o oː (e o) | ||
*a aː (a | *a aː (a) | ||
Dyftongi: | Dyftongi: | ||
*ei̯ oi̯ (ei | *ei̯ oi̯ (ei oi) | ||
*au (au | *au (au) | ||
=== Spółgłoski === | === Spółgłoski === | ||
*m n nʲ (m n | *m n nʲ (m n ny) [m n ñ] | ||
*p t tʲ k kʲ (p t | *p t tʲ k kʲ (p t ty k ky) [p t t̰ k/g k/k̰] | ||
*b d dʲ (b d | *b d dʲ (b d dy) [b d d̰] | ||
*ɸ s sʲ ɕ ʃ (h s | *ɸ s sʲ ɕ ʃ (h s sy ś š) [h s s̃ ś ŝ ș] | ||
*ç͡ɕː~ɕː ʝ͡ʑː~ʑː ( | *ç͡ɕː~ɕː ʝ͡ʑː~ʑː (śś yy) [ŝŝ yy] | ||
*t͡s t͡sʲ (c | *t͡s t͡sʲ (ts tsy) [c c̃] | ||
*w lʲ~ɫ r~rʲ j (w l r y) ( | *w lʲ~ɫ r~rʲ j (w l r y) [w l r y] | ||
== Zmiany fonetyczne == | |||
*ḱ, ǵ, ǵʰ > ś, ź, źʰ | |||
*kʷ, gʷ, gʷʰ > k, g, gʰ | |||
*bʰ, dʰ, gʰ, źʰ > b, t/tsʲ _{i, e, j}, k, tʲ | |||
*s, sy > š {r, w, u, k, y, i}_ | |||
*ź > tsʲ (w nagłosie) | |||
*ź > š | |||
*h₁e, h₂e > e, a | |||
*eh₁, eh₂ > ē, ā | |||
*iH, uH > ī, ū | |||
*o > a | |||
*oi > ai | |||
*ew, ōw > au | |||
*eye, ewe > aya, awa | |||
*awa > āu > ō | |||
*st- > t | |||
*ei > ei/oi _{m, n, u, ō, w} | |||
*st, tw > ts, w | |||
*b, d, g > p/b _{o, u}, d, k | |||
*kRV > RV~ | |||
*ww > yy _{i, e} | |||
*ē, ō > je/ʲe, o | |||
*VTN > V:NN | |||
*-CVR > -CV~ | |||
*Vrm > V:m/Vrk | |||
*wCe, wCē > Co, Cō | |||
*ai, ā > ʲa, ʲo | w wygłosie dla obu: -ʲe | |||
*sm, sn > n | |||
*wy > yy | |||
*ClVC, CrVC > CVlVC, CVrVC | |||
*ClV:C, CrV:C > CVlV:C~, CVrV:C~ | |||
*CNVC, CNVC > CVNVC, CVNVC | |||
*CNV:C, CNV:C > CVNV:C~, CVNV:C~ | |||
*mb > mm | |||
*r̥, -r̥ > ir/ar, -iri | |||
*l̥, -l̥ > il/al, -ili | |||
*r̥H, l̥H > ara/iri, ala/ili | |||
*nt, pt, kt > tt, t, tʲ | |||
*śs > śś | |||
*št > škʲ | |||
*śM > śt | |||
*km > n | |||
*sk, skʲ > š/šš, ś/śś (druga forma: V_V) | |||
*sw > f- [h], -p- | |||
*sl > tsl > ts | |||
== Zapis == | == Zapis == | ||
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|} | |} | ||
= Gramatyka = | = Gramatyka = | ||
Wersja z 08:25, 24 lis 2025
| Język piriszki ? | |
|---|---|
| Sposoby zapisu: | Łacinka/Koptyjski |
| Typologia: | Fleksyjny SVO |
| Faktycznie | |
| Utworzenie: | Henryk Pruthenia w 2025 |
| W H1 | |
| Używany w : | brak |
| Klasyfikacja: | j. indoeuropejskie
|
| Lista conlangów | |
| Zobacz też słownik tego języka. |
Fonologia
Dźwięki
Samogłoski
- i u (i u)
- e eː o oː (e o)
- a aː (a)
Dyftongi:
- ei̯ oi̯ (ei oi)
- au (au)
Spółgłoski
- m n nʲ (m n ny) [m n ñ]
- p t tʲ k kʲ (p t ty k ky) [p t t̰ k/g k/k̰]
- b d dʲ (b d dy) [b d d̰]
- ɸ s sʲ ɕ ʃ (h s sy ś š) [h s s̃ ś ŝ ș]
- ç͡ɕː~ɕː ʝ͡ʑː~ʑː (śś yy) [ŝŝ yy]
- t͡s t͡sʲ (ts tsy) [c c̃]
- w lʲ~ɫ r~rʲ j (w l r y) [w l r y]
Zmiany fonetyczne
- ḱ, ǵ, ǵʰ > ś, ź, źʰ
- kʷ, gʷ, gʷʰ > k, g, gʰ
- bʰ, dʰ, gʰ, źʰ > b, t/tsʲ _{i, e, j}, k, tʲ
- s, sy > š {r, w, u, k, y, i}_
- ź > tsʲ (w nagłosie)
- ź > š
- h₁e, h₂e > e, a
- eh₁, eh₂ > ē, ā
- iH, uH > ī, ū
- o > a
- oi > ai
- ew, ōw > au
- eye, ewe > aya, awa
- awa > āu > ō
- st- > t
- ei > ei/oi _{m, n, u, ō, w}
- st, tw > ts, w
- b, d, g > p/b _{o, u}, d, k
- kRV > RV~
- ww > yy _{i, e}
- ē, ō > je/ʲe, o
- VTN > V:NN
- -CVR > -CV~
- Vrm > V:m/Vrk
- wCe, wCē > Co, Cō
- ai, ā > ʲa, ʲo | w wygłosie dla obu: -ʲe
- sm, sn > n
- wy > yy
- ClVC, CrVC > CVlVC, CVrVC
- ClV:C, CrV:C > CVlV:C~, CVrV:C~
- CNVC, CNVC > CVNVC, CVNVC
- CNV:C, CNV:C > CVNV:C~, CVNV:C~
- mb > mm
- r̥, -r̥ > ir/ar, -iri
- l̥, -l̥ > il/al, -ili
- r̥H, l̥H > ara/iri, ala/ili
- nt, pt, kt > tt, t, tʲ
- śs > śś
- št > škʲ
- śM > śt
- km > n
- sk, skʲ > š/šš, ś/śś (druga forma: V_V)
- sw > f- [h], -p-
- sl > tsl > ts
Zapis
| Ⲁ ⲁ | ⲀⲨ ⲁⲩ | ⲀⲒ ⲁⲓ | Ⲃ ⲃ | Ⲅ ⲅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| /a/ | /au̯/ | /ɛ/ | /b/ | /k/, /kʲ/, /nʲ/ |
| ⲁⲗⲁⲫⲁ /aɫapa/ | ⲃⲏⲧⲁ /pɛta/ | ⲅⲁⲙⲁ /kama/ | ||
| Ⲇ ⲇ | Ⲉ ⲉ | ⲈⲒ ⲉⲓ | Ⲋ ⲋ | Ⲍ ⲍ |
| /d/ | /ɛ/ | /ɛi̯/, /ɛ/ | /sʲ/ | /s/, /t͡s/~/t͡sʲ/ |
| ⲇⲁⲗⲁⲇⲁ /daɫada/ | ⲉⲓ /ɛ/ | ⲍⲏⲧⲁ /t͡sʲɛta/ | ||
| Ⲏ ⲏ | Ⲑ ⲑ | Ⲓ ⲓ | Ⲕ ⲕ | Ⲗ ⲗ |
| /ɛ/ | /t/ | /i/, /j/ | /k/ | /ɫ/~/l/~/lʲ/ |
| ⲏⲧⲁ /jɛta/ | ⲑⲏⲧⲁ /tʲɛta/ | ⲓⲱⲧⲁ /jota/ | ⲕⲁⲡⲁ /kapa/ | ⲗⲁⲩⲁⲗⲁ /ɫawaɫa/ |
| Ⲙ ⲙ | Ⲛ ⲛ | Ⲝ ⲝ | Ⲟ ⲟ | ⲞⲒ ⲟⲓ |
| /m/ | /n/ | /k/, /kuʃ/~/kiʲʃ/, /ʃ/ | /ɔ/ | /ɔi̯/, /i/ |
| ⲙⲏ /mɛ/ | ⲛⲏ /nʲɛ/ | ⲝⲓ /kiʲʃi/ | ⲟⲩⲁ /ɔwa/ | |
| ⲞⲨ ⲟⲩ | Ⲡ ⲡ | Ⲣ ⲣ | Ⲥ ⲥ | Ⳛ ⳛ |
| /u/ | /p/ | /r/~/rʲ/ | /s/ | /ɕ/ |
| ⲡⲓ /pi/ | ⲣⲱ /rɔ/ | ⲥⲏⲙⲁ /sʲɛma/ | ⳛⲓⲙⲁ /ɕima/ | |
| Ⲧ ⲧ | Ⲩ ⲩ | Ⲫ ⲫ | Ⲭ ⲭ | Ⲯ ⲯ |
| /t/ | /w/, /i/ | /p/, /ɸ/ | /k/ | /p/, /piʃ/, /ʃ/ |
| ⲧⲁⲩⲁ /tawa/ | ϩⲟ /ɸɔ/ | ?????ⲫⲓ /pi/ | ⲭⲓ /kʲi/ | ⲯⲓ /piʃi/ |
| Ⲱ ⲱ | Ϣ ϣ | Ϥ ϥ | Ϧ ϧ | Ϩ ϩ |
| /ɔ/ | /ʃ/ | /ɸ/ | /s/ | /ɸ/ |
| ⲱⲙⲉⲅⲁ /ɔmɛka/ | ϣⲁⲓ /ʃɛ/ | ϥⲁⲓ /ɸɛ/ | ϧⲁⲓ /sɛ/ | ϩⲟⲣⲓ /ɸɔrʲi/ |
| Ϫ ϫ | Ϭ ϭ | Ⳋⳋ | Ⳡ ⳡ | Ϯ ϯ |
| /dʲ/ | /tʲ/ | /kʲ/ | nʲ | /t͡sʲ/ |
| ϫⲁⲛⲓϫⲁ /dʲanʲidʲa/ | ϭⲓⲙⲁ /tʲima/ | ⳋⲓ-ϩⲟⲣⲓ /kʲi-ɸɔrʲi/ | ⳡⲓ /nʲi/ | ⲧⲓϯⲓ /tʲit͡sʲi/ |
| Ⳁ ⳁ | Ⲓ̀ ⲓ̀ | Ⳛ̀ ⳛ̀ | Ⲱ̄ ⲱ̄ | |
| /t͡s/ | /ʝ͡ʑː/~/ʑː/ | /ç͡ɕː/~/ɕː/ | /ɔ/ | |
| ⲥⲁⲙⲁⲡⲓ /samapi/ | ⲧⲁ-ⲱⲙⲉⲅⲁ /ta-ɔmɛka/ |