Język murski: Różnice pomiędzy wersjami
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'''Język murski''' | '''Język murski''' — język używany głównie na Wyspach Murskich oraz w koloniach i terytoriach zależnych Republiki Murów. | ||
==Fonologia== | ==Fonologia== | ||
===Spółgłoski=== | ===Spółgłoski=== | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
{|class="wikitable" style=" | !colspan=2| | ||
!colspan=2| | |||
!<small>Dwu-<br/>wargowe</small> | !<small>Dwu-<br/>wargowe</small> | ||
!<small>Dziąsłowe</small> | !<small>Dziąsłowe</small> | ||
!<small> | !<small>(Dziąsłowo-)<br/>podniebienne</small> | ||
!<small>Welarne</small> | !<small>Welarne</small> | ||
|- | |||
|- | !colspan=2|<small>Nosowe</small> | ||
!colspan=2|Nosowe | |||
|{{IPA|m}} | |{{IPA|m}} | ||
|{{IPA|n}} | |{{IPA|n}} | ||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|ɲ}} | ||
|{{IPA|ŋ}} | |{{IPA|ŋ}} | ||
|- | |||
|- | !rowspan=2|<small>Zwarte</small> | ||
! | !<small>zwykłe</small> | ||
! | |||
|{{IPA|p}} | |{{IPA|p}} | ||
|{{IPA|t}} | |{{IPA|t}} | ||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
|{{IPA|k}} | |{{IPA|k}} | ||
|{{IPA| | |- | ||
!<small>przydechowe</small> | |||
|{{IPA|pʰ}} | |||
|{{IPA| | |{{IPA|tʰ}} | ||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
|{{IPA|kʰ}} | |||
|- | |||
!colspan=2|<small>Szczelinowe</small> | |||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
|{{IPA|s}} | |||
|{{IPA|ɕ}} | |||
|{{IPA|x}} | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=2|<small>Afrykaty</small> | |||
!<small>zwykłe</small> | |||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
|{{IPA| | |{{IPA|t͡sʰ}} | ||
| | |{{IPA|t͡ɕʰ}} | ||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
| | |- | ||
!<small>przydechowe</small> | |||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
|{{IPA|t͡s}} | |||
|{{IPA|t͡ɕ}} | |||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
|- | |||
!colspan=2|<small>Aproksymanty</small> | |||
|{{IPA|}} | |{{IPA|}} | ||
|{{IPA|l}} | |||
|{{IPA|l | |||
|{{IPA|j}} | |{{IPA|j}} | ||
|{{IPA|w}} | |{{IPA|w}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Samogłoski=== | ===Samogłoski=== | ||
{|class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | |||
{| | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !rowspan=3|<small>Medialna</small> | ||
| | !rowspan=3|<small>Samogłoska</small> | ||
!colspan=8|<small>Koda</small> | |||
{| | |- | ||
| | !<small>zerowa</small> | ||
!colspan=2|<small>glajdowa</small> | |||
< | !colspan=3|<small>zwarta</small> | ||
!<small>nosowa</small> | |||
< | !<small>płynna</small> | ||
|- | |||
< | !<small>-∅</small> | ||
!<small>-i</small> | |||
< | !<small>-u</small> | ||
!<small>-p</small> | |||
< | !<small>-t</small> | ||
!<small>-k</small> | |||
< | !<small>-n</small> | ||
|} | !<small>-r</small> | ||
</ | |- | ||
!rowspan=3|<small>-∅-</small> | |||
!<small>a</small> | |||
|{{IPA|[æ]}}<br/>''-a'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɑɪ̯]}}<br/>''-ai'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɑʊ̯]}}<br/>''-au'' | |||
|{{IPA|[æp]}}<br/>''-ap'' | |||
|{{IPA|[æt]}}<br/>''-at'' | |||
|{{IPA|[æk]}}<br/>''-ak'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɑ̃]}}<br/>''-an'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɑɐ̯]<br/>''-ar'' | |||
|- | |||
!<small>i/e</small> | |||
|{{IPA|[i]}}~{{IPA|[ɪ]}}<br/>''-i'' | |||
|{{IPA|[eɪ̯]}}<br/>''-ei'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɛʊ̯]}}<br/>''-eu'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ip]}}~{{IPA|[ɪp]}}<br/>''-ip'' | |||
|{{IPA|[it]}}~{{IPA|[ɪt]}}<br/>''-it'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ik]}}~{{IPA|[ɪk]}}<br/>''-ik'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɛ̃]}}<br/>''-en'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɛɐ̯]}}<br/>''-er'' | |||
|- | |||
!<small>u/o</small> | |||
|{{IPA|[ʊ]}}<br/>''-u'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɔɪ̯]}}<br/>''-oi'' | |||
|{{IPA|[oʊ̯]}}<br/>''-ou'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ʊp]}}<br/>''-up'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ʊt]}}<br/>''-ut'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ʊk]}}<br/>''-uk'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɔ̃]}}<br/>''-on'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɔɐ̯]}}<br/>''-or'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !rowspan=3|<small>-i-</small> | ||
!<small>a</small> | |||
|{{IPA|[jæ]}}<br/>''-ia'' | |||
| | |||
|{{IPA|[jɑʊ̯]}}<br/>''-iau'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jæp]}}<br/>''-iap'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jæt]}}<br/>''-iat'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jæk]}}<br/>''-iak'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɑ̃]}}<br/>''-ian'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɑɐ̯]<br/>''-iar'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !<small>i/e</small> | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|{{IPA|[jɛʊ̯]}}<br/>''-ieu'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɛp]}}<br/>''-iep'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɛt]}}<br/>''-iet'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɛk]}}<br/>''-ik'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɛ̃]}}<br/>''-ien'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɛɐ̯]}}<br/>''-ier'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !<small>u/o</small> | ||
|{{IPA|[jy]}}<br/>''-iu'' | |||
| | |||
|{{IPA|[joʊ̯]}}<br/>''-iou'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jyp]}}<br/>''-iup'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jyt]}}<br/>''-iut'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jyk]}}<br/>''-iuk'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɔ̃]}}<br/>''-ion'' | |||
|{{IPA|[jɔɐ̯]}}<br/>''-ior'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !rowspan=3|<small>-u-</small> | ||
!<small>a</small> | |||
|{{IPA|[wæ]}}<br/>''-ua'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɑɪ̯]}}<br/>''-uai'' | |||
| | |||
|{{IPA|[wæp]}}<br/>''-uap'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wæt]}}<br/>''-uat'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wæk]}}<br/>''-uak'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɑ̃]}}<br/>''-uan'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɑɐ̯]<br/>''-uar'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !<small>i/e</small> | ||
|{{IPA|[ɥi]}}<br/>''-ui'' | |||
|{{IPA|[weɪ̯]}}<br/>''-uei'' | |||
| | |||
|{{IPA|[ɥip]}}<br/>''-uip'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɥit]}}<br/>''-uit'' | |||
|{{IPA|[ɥik]}}<br/>''-uik'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɛ̃]}}<br/>''-uen'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɛɐ̯]}}<br/>''-uer'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !<small>u/o</small> | ||
| | |||
|{{IPA|[wɔɪ̯]}}<br/>''-uoi'' | |||
| | |||
|{{IPA|[wɔp]}}<br/>''-uop'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɔt]}}<br/>''-uot'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɔk]}}<br/>''-uok'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɔ̃]}}<br/>''-uon'' | |||
|{{IPA|[wɔɐ̯]}}<br/>''-uor'' | |||
|} | |} | ||
==Pismo== | ==Pismo== | ||
==Gramatyka== | ==Gramatyka== |
Wersja z 20:01, 29 sty 2017
Język murski — język używany głównie na Wyspach Murskich oraz w koloniach i terytoriach zależnych Republiki Murów.
Fonologia
Spółgłoski
Dwu- wargowe |
Dziąsłowe | (Dziąsłowo-) podniebienne |
Welarne | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nosowe | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
Zwarte | zwykłe | p | t | k | |
przydechowe | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||
Szczelinowe | s | ɕ | x | ||
Afrykaty | zwykłe | t͡sʰ | t͡ɕʰ | ||
przydechowe | t͡s | t͡ɕ | |||
Aproksymanty | l | j | w |
Samogłoski
Medialna | Samogłoska | Koda | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
zerowa | glajdowa | zwarta | nosowa | płynna | |||||
-∅ | -i | -u | -p | -t | -k | -n | -r | ||
-∅- | a | [æ] -a |
[ɑɪ̯] -ai |
[ɑʊ̯] -au |
[æp] -ap |
[æt] -at |
[æk] -ak |
[ɑ̃] -an |
[ɑɐ̯] -ar |
i/e | [i]~[ɪ] -i |
[eɪ̯] -ei |
[ɛʊ̯] -eu |
[ip]~[ɪp] -ip |
[it]~[ɪt] -it |
[ik]~[ɪk] -ik |
[ɛ̃] -en |
[ɛɐ̯] -er | |
u/o | [ʊ] -u |
[ɔɪ̯] -oi |
[oʊ̯] -ou |
[ʊp] -up |
[ʊt] -ut |
[ʊk] -uk |
[ɔ̃] -on |
[ɔɐ̯] -or | |
-i- | a | [jæ] -ia |
[jɑʊ̯] -iau |
[jæp] -iap |
[jæt] -iat |
[jæk] -iak |
[jɑ̃] -ian |
[jɑɐ̯] -iar | |
i/e | [jɛʊ̯] -ieu |
[jɛp] -iep |
[jɛt] -iet |
[jɛk] -ik |
[jɛ̃] -ien |
[jɛɐ̯] -ier | |||
u/o | [jy] -iu |
[joʊ̯] -iou |
[jyp] -iup |
[jyt] -iut |
[jyk] -iuk |
[jɔ̃] -ion |
[jɔɐ̯] -ior | ||
-u- | a | [wæ] -ua |
[wɑɪ̯] -uai |
[wæp] -uap |
[wæt] -uat |
[wæk] -uak |
[wɑ̃] -uan |
[wɑɐ̯] -uar | |
i/e | [ɥi] -ui |
[weɪ̯] -uei |
[ɥip] -uip |
[ɥit] -uit |
[ɥik] -uik |
[wɛ̃] -uen |
[wɛɐ̯] -uer | ||
u/o | [wɔɪ̯] -uoi |
[wɔp] -uop |
[wɔt] -uot |
[wɔk] -uok |
[wɔ̃] -uon |
[wɔɐ̯] -uor |